The second to last item (the thing with the cotton) is the restrictor for the "dashpot"; Air enters freely from the open end and exits slowly from the side with the hose. The rubber thing on the end with the nylon filter medium is a... wait for it... filter.
The dashpot slows the rate at which the throttle body closes at any RPM below 2200RPM. It is on most cars of this vintage; It's not Supra specific and has nothing to do with the Supra's running rich as the Supra doesn't run rich except during open-loop operation (When it's warming up from a cold start or at >70% throttle)... Also, when decelerating the ECU stops injecting fuel until the RPM are below ~1200RPM.
The last item is the cruise control actuator; Should be obvious when that's active.
It works by pulling on that second throttle cable which runs to the linkage assembly.